Publications by authors named "T S Ripolles"
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have demonstrated remarkable advancements in efficiency and stability, yet fully understanding the dynamic processes governing their performance remains a challenge. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) offers a powerful means to characterize PSCs over a wide range of time scales, revealing insights into the internal electronic and ionic processes. However, critical factors like recombination, charge extraction, and transport resistance are often coupled in the same spectra response, affecting their accurate identification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTin-based perovskites (Sn-PVK) are promising lead-free alternatives for efficient photovoltaic technology, but they face challenges related to bulk and surface defects due to suboptimal crystallization and Sn oxidation. Introducing thiophene-2-ethylammonium halides (TEAX, where X = I, Br, Cl) improves FASnI crystallization and reduces Sn formation. This is achieved by adjusting the crystallization dynamics through the formation of a complex between S and Sn during the preparation of the precursor solution, which also inhibits Sn oxidation in the resulting films.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Our objective was to validate a previously published simple ultrasound (US) score for Crohn's disease (CD).
Methods: A total of 107 CD patients from 2 hospitals prospectively underwent both ileocolonoscopy (reference standard) and US as part of their clinical care. Endoscopic activity was assessed using the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) and was also categorized as absent, mild (inflammation without ulcers), or severe (presence of ulceration).
Article Synopsis
- Anti-TNF drugs, specifically adalimumab (ADA), have significantly improved treatment outcomes for Crohn's disease (CD), particularly in achieving endoscopic and possibly transmural healing as assessed by ultrasound.
- A study of 92 CD patients on ADA indicated that higher serum concentrations of the drug during the first year of treatment were associated with better sonographic signs of transmural healing.
- However, this correlation did not persist after one year, suggesting that long-term management may require different approaches or monitoring strategies.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to identify ultrasound characteristics that indicate submucosal fat deposition (the fat halo sign, FHS) in the intestinal walls of Crohn's disease patients using CT imaging data from 68 patients over 10 years.
- - Results showed that 31% of patients had FHS on CT, with a significant difference in submucosal thickness between those with (4.19 mm) and without FHS (2.41 mm), establishing a threshold of 3.1 mm for ultrasound detection.
- - The findings suggest that marked thickening of the submucosal layer on ultrasound can indicate FHS in Crohn's patients, emphasizing the need for additional methods, like color Doppler, to assess