Resection of the rectum and total excision of the internal anal sphincter with smooth muscle plasty and colonic pouch for treatment of ultralow rectal carcinoma.

Background: Intersphincteric resection can provide tumour-free margins for rectal tumours located 0-1 cm above the dentate line. However, the internal anal sphincter (IAS) is partially or totally resected and some degree of anal incontinence may develop. A novel technique of smooth muscle plasty of the IAS and colonic pouch construction is described, along with an assessment of morbidity, oncological results and functional outcome.

Surgical treatment of benign, myomatous rectal tumors.

Between 1972 and 1990, 36 patients with leiomyoma of the rectum underwent surgery at the Proctology Institute (Moscow). There were 13 male (36.1 percent) and 23 female (63.

Results of radical surgery for advanced rectal cancer.

During the period 1972 to 1987 inclusive, 313 multivisceral resections in advanced rectal cancer were performed, accounting for 10.3 percent of all radical surgical interventions for this disease. Of these resections, 71 were for distant metastases and 242 for tumor infiltration to adherent organs.

Method of creation of a smooth-muscle cuff at the site of the perineal colostomy after extirpation of the rectum.

The authors present a method of creation of a smooth-muscle cuff at the site of the perineal colostomy in 36 patients who have undergone extirpation for malignant neoplasms of the low ampulla recti. Creation of the smooth-muscle sphincter mechanism was performed during the process of removal of the rectum in 29 patients, whereas it was done two to eight years after extirpation of the rectum in seven patients. Inflammatory complications were observed in the perineal colostomy area during the early postoperative period in eight patients.

[The rationale for combined operations for rectal cancer metastases to the liver].

The results of 12 observations over the patients subjected to resection of the cancer involved rectum, associated with segmental or edge resection of the liver in case of solitary metastatic foci in it, are reported. These patients survived, on an average, for 3 years after the operation. It is believed that the combination surgical intervention for rectal cancer with solitary metastases in the liver should be considered to be the operation of choice.