The coagulation changes induced by rapid in vivo crystalloid infusion are attenuated when magnesium is kept at the upper limit of normal.

Background: Rapid crystalloid infusion enhances coagulation, regardless of electrolytes, pH or osmolality, an effect thought to be related to deep vein thrombosis and other clot formations. Altered serum magnesium may play a role in the balance of coagulation. In this in vivo study we investigated the coagulation response to rapid hemodilution when serum magnesium is maintained or partially increased.

Conscious sedation v. monitored anaesthesia care--20 years in the South African context.

Sedation of patients for minor procedures is here to stay. However, it is the responsibility of every physician to be aware of the potential complications associated with the combination of drugs administered and to practise in an environment where no risks are taken and no procedures performed outside the circle of safety. Furthermore, as an anaesthetic service, monitored anaesthesia care (MAC) is clearly distinct from moderate sedation and it is important for patient safety that these differences are recognised and adhered to.

The haemodilution enhanced onset of coagulation as measured by the thrombelastogram is transient.

Background And Objective: Crystalloid haemodilution has been widely found to enhance coagulation onset, but the duration of this effect has never been documented.

Methods: Twelve healthy, consenting volunteers had a rapid infusion of 14 mL kg-1 of normal (0.9%) saline.