A Case for a Maternal Culturally Tailored Smoking Cessation Research Agenda.

Background/objectives: Despite national efforts, smoking rates during pregnancy remain high among certain demographics, particularly American Indian/Alaska Native and younger women. This study examines the causal link between maternal smoking, maternal and fetal mortality, and social determinants of health, highlighting disparities faced by Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) and American Indian/Alaskan Native (AIAN) pregnant persons.

Methods: Data from various sources, including national reports and committee findings, were analyzed to assess trends in maternal smoking, mortality rates, and associated factors.

Salmon patch maculopathy: An amblyogenic complication of pediatric sickle cell retinopathy.

Purpose: To report a case of a large foveal sub-internal limiting membrane hemorrhage from sickle cell retinopathy in a pediatric patient.

Observations: A five-year-old boy with sickle cell disease (SCD) type SS (HbSS) and numerous complications was referred after a failed vision screening and was found to have a large yellow subacute sub-internal limiting membrane hemorrhage overlying the fovea in his right eye. There were several other peripheral salmon patches noted.

Wright was right: leveraging old data and new methods to illustrate the critical role of epistasis in genetics and evolution.

Much of evolutionary theory is predicated on assumptions about the relative importance of simple additive versus complex epistatic genetic architectures. Previous work suggests traits strongly associated with fitness will lack additive genetic variation, whereas traits less strongly associated with fitness are expected to exhibit more additive genetic variation. We use a quantitative genetics method, line cross analysis, to infer genetic architectures that contribute to trait divergence.

Assessing potential human health and ecological implications of PFAS from leave-in dental products.

Contaminated water and food are the main sources of documented per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure in humans. However, other sources may contribute to the overall PFAS intake. While several studies documented the presence of PFAS in consumer products, PFAS evaluation in dental products has been limited to floss and tape to date.