Vagus nerve stimulation: A targeted approach for reducing tissue-specific ischemic reperfusion injury.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS), a neuromodulation technique of applying controlled electrical impulses to the vagus nerve, has now emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for ischemia-reperfusion insults. It provides a pivotal link in improving functional outcomes for the central nervous system and multiple target organs affected by ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI). Reduced blood flow during ischemia and subsequent resumption of blood supply during reperfusion to the tissue compromises cellular health because of the combination of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cytokine release, inflammation, apoptosis, intracellular calcium overload, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which ultimately leads to cell death and irreversible tissue damage.

The psychological impact of disaster on first responders in the aftermath of Bahanaga train tragedy: A mixed methods approach.

Background: First responders are at high risk for adverse mental health outcomes following trauma exposure during disaster response. This mixed methods study aimed to quantify psychological impacts and explore personal experiences among first responders after the Bahanaga train accident that killed 294 passengers in the month of June 2023.

Methods: For qualitative data, in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted, and quantitative data was collected using the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7), and patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety.

YAP activation is robust to dilution.

The concentration of many transcription factors exhibits high cell-to-cell variability due to differences in synthesis, degradation, and cell size. Whether the functions of these factors are robust to fluctuations in concentration, and how this may be achieved, is poorly understood. Across two independent panels of breast cancer cells, we show that the average whole cell concentration of YAP decreases as a function of cell area.

Metal and acid-free synthesis of acenaphthenone-2-ylidene ketones in PEG 400 and their radical nitration by TBN in water.

The synthesis of acenaphthenone-2-ylidene ketones has been developed using PEG 400 as a solvent under metal and acid-free conditions. Using TBN as a nitrating agent under atmospheric oxygen, nitration of acenaphthenone-2-ylidene ketones has been accomplished for the first time. Upon nitration, ()-2-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)acenaphthylen-1(2)-one and alkyl ()-2-(2-oxoacenaphthylen-1(2)-ylidene)acetate give the diastereomer with the same geometry.

Serratiopeptidase exhibits antibiofilm activity through the proteolytic function of N-terminal domain and versatile function of the C-terminal domain.

Background: Serratiopeptidase, a serine protease traditionally used as an oral anti-inflammatory drug has been found to show antibiofilm action. Structurally, it comprises of two distinct domains; viz-the N-terminal catalytic domain (Ncat) and a C-terminal RTX (Repeat-In-Toxin) domain (Crtx). Understanding the antibiofilm action of the serratiopeptidase molecule, as well as the antibiofilm action of each of its two domains, was the objective of this study.