Biomarkers.

Background: Recent developments in physiological and digital biomarkers provide an opportunity to shift the first diagnostic steps to the home-setting, thus allowing earlier detection and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Blood-based, magnetic resonance imaging, electrophysiological, digital and microbiome biomarkers have shown great promise and call for an evaluation of their accuracy, feasibility and safety in primary care and the community. The aim of PREDICTOM is to develop and test the accuracy of an artificial intelligence (AI) driven screening platform for the prediction and early detection of AD and to extend the clinical pathway to home-based screening using established and novel biomarkers.

Engineering Compounds for the Recovery of Critical Elements from Slags: Melt Characteristics of LiAlO, LiAlO, and LiAlO.

Engineered artificial minerals (EnAMs) are the core of a new concept of designing scavenger compounds for the recovery of critical elements from slags. It requires a fundamental understanding of solidification from complex oxide melts. Ion diffusivity and viscosity play vital roles in this process.

A far-ultraviolet-driven photoevaporation flow observed in a protoplanetary disk.

Most low-mass stars form in stellar clusters that also contain massive stars, which are sources of far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation. Theoretical models predict that this FUV radiation produces photodissociation regions (PDRs) on the surfaces of protoplanetary disks around low-mass stars, which affects planet formation within the disks. We report James Webb Space Telescope and Atacama Large Millimeter Array observations of a FUV-irradiated protoplanetary disk in the Orion Nebula.

Proteomic Characterization of Wheat Protein Fractions Taken at Different Baking Conditions.

Food processing conditions affect the structure, solubility, and therefore accurate detection of gluten proteins. We investigated the influence of dough, bread, and pretzel making on the composition of different wheat protein fractions obtained by Osborne fractionation. The albumin/globulin, gliadin, and glutenin fractions from flour, dough, crispbread, bread, and pretzel were analyzed using RP-HPLC, SDS-PAGE, and untargeted nanoLC-MS/MS.

Formation of the methyl cation by photochemistry in a protoplanetary disk.

Forty years ago, it was proposed that gas-phase organic chemistry in the interstellar medium can be initiated by the methyl cation CH (refs. ), but so far it has not been observed outside the Solar System. Alternative routes involving processes on grain surfaces have been invoked.