Publications by authors named "T P Denny"

Age is among the strongest risk factors for severe outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we describe upper respiratory tract (URT) and peripheral blood transcriptomes of 202 participants (age range of 1 week to 83 years), including 137 non-hospitalized individuals with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and 65 healthy individuals. Among healthy children and adolescents, younger age is associated with higher URT expression of innate and adaptive immune pathways.

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Introduction: Dysregulated host cytokine responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection are a primary cause of progression to severe disease, whereas early neutralizing antibody responses are considered protective. However, there are gaps in understanding the early temporal dynamics of these immune responses, and the profile of productive immune responses generated by non-hospitalized people with mild infections in the community.

Methods: Here we conducted a prospective cohort study of people with suspected infections/exposures in the US state of North Carolina, before vaccine availability.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how the immune system of young macaques can produce antibodies that neutralize various strains of HIV-1, showing a higher success rate in infants compared to adults.
  • Over a 24-month period, 64% of young macaques developed these antibodies, linked to a healthier immune profile with reduced immunosuppressive factors.
  • The findings suggest that understanding pediatric immune responses to SHIV may help in creating vaccines to protect infants and children from HIV-1 before they are exposed to the virus.
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The NIAID DAIDS-sponsored External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) manages an interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) external proficiency program. The ELISpot program evaluates the accuracy and variability of results across laboratories. The variability in the program is quantified via the dispersion, which is the ratio of the variance over the mean of the background-corrected spot-forming cells (SFC) replicates obtained under stimulation with different peptide pools (CMV, CEF).

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Background: Severe COVID-19 carries a high morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have shown an association between COVID-19 severity and SARS-CoV-2 viral load (VL). We sought to measure VL in multiple compartments (urine, plasma, lower respiratory tract) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and correlate with clinical outcomes.

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