Publications by authors named "T Osinga"
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the effectiveness and safety of a combination therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for certain subgroups of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients who show an immunogenic profile.
- The trial involved 69 patients with specific genetic markers and assessed the disease control rate after treatment, aiming to exceed 22%.
- Results showed that 38% of patients achieved disease control beyond 6 months, with the highest success in patients with mismatch repair deficiency, but treatment led to significant side effects in some cases, with 20% permanently discontinuing therapy.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly recognised to effectuate long-lasting therapeutic responses in solid tumours. However, ICI therapy can also result in various immune-related adverse events, such as ICI-associated myocarditis, a rare but serious complication. The clinical spectrum is wide and includes asymptomatic patients and patients with fulminant heart failure, making it challenging to diagnose this condition.
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- The study evaluates the use of salivary metanephrines for diagnosing pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL), highlighting its noninvasive collection method compared to plasma or urine samples.
- Results show that salivary metanephrines in patients with PPGL are significantly higher than in healthy participants, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 87%.
- Despite promising results indicating a correlation between salivary and plasma metanephrines, salivary testing is not yet a replacement for traditional plasma measurements in diagnosing PPGL.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two α-adrenergic receptor blockers, phenoxybenzamine and doxazosin, in preventing hemodynamic instability during surgery for pheochromocytoma or sympathetic paraganglioma.
- The results showed no significant difference in the time patients spent outside the target blood pressure range when treated with either medication, but phenoxybenzamine was linked to better management of intraoperative hemodynamic stability.
- Overall, both drugs were safe with no mortality reported, and the complication rates were similar, highlighting the importance of individualized patient care in surgical settings.
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) mutations lead to the accumulation of succinate, which acts as an oncometabolite. Germline SDHx mutations predispose to paraganglioma (PGL) and pheochromocytoma (PCC), as well as to renal cell carcinoma and gastro-intestinal stromal tumors. The SDHx genes were the first tumor suppressor genes discovered which encode for a mitochondrial enzyme, thereby supporting Otto Warburg's hypothesis in 1926 that a direct link existed between mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer.
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