From Proteomics to the Analysis of Single Protein Molecules.

Limit of detection (LoD) is a term that is used to characterize the sensitivity of an analytical method. The existing limitation of the sensitivity of analysis using modern mass spectrometry methods has been experimentally shown to be a limiting factor in the application of proteomic technologies in medicine. This article proposes a concept of a new technology that will set a new vector of development in the development of systems for solving problems of medical diagnostics and deals with theoretical and practical aspects of creating a new technology for the detection of single biomacromolecules (in particular, proteins) in biological samples.

Targeted metabolomic profiling of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolomic investigations may be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). STEMI patients were comprehensively examined via targeted metabolomic profiling, machine learning and weighted correlation network analysis.

Nanowire-based biosensors for solving biomedical problems.

The review considers modern achievements and prospects of using nanowire biosensors, principles of their operation, methods of fabrication, and the influence of the Debye effect, which plays a key role in improving the biosensor characteristics. Special attention is paid to the practical application of such biosensors for the detection of a variety of biomolecules, demonstrating their capabilities and potential in the detection of a wide range of biomarkers of various diseases. Nanowire biosensors also show excellent results in such areas as early disease diagnostics, patient health monitoring, and personalized medicine due to their high sensitivity and specificity.

AFM-fishing technology for protein detection in solutions.

The review considers the possibility of using atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a basic method for protein detection in solutions with low protein concentrations. The demand for new bioanalytical approaches is determined by the problem of insufficient sensitivity of systems used in routine practice for protein detection. Special attention is paid to demonstration of the use in bioanalysis of a combination of AFM and fishing methods as an approach of concentrating biomolecules from a large volume of the analyzed solution on a small surface area.

Fundamentals of protein chemistry at the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry.

Eighty years ago, the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC) initially known as the Institute of Biological and Medical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR was founded. During the first decades significant studies were performed; they not only contributed to a deeper understanding of biochemical processes in the living organisms, but also laid the foundation for further development of these fields. The main directions of IBMC were focused on studies of structures of enzymes (primarily various proteases), their substrates and inhibitors, the role of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the development of pathologies, study of the mechanisms of hydrolytic and oxidative-hydrolytic transformation of organic compounds, studies of connective tissue proteins, including collagens, study of amino acid metabolism.