Predictive models for difficult laryngoscopy and intubation. A clinical, radiologic and three-dimensional computer imaging study.

Purpose: To identify the variables most useful in predicting difficult laryngoscopy and intubation from various clinical, skeletal (lateral x-rays) and soft tissue (three-dimensional computed tomography imaging) measurements.

Methods: Twenty-four adult patients in whom an unanticipated difficult tracheal intubation was identified according to established criteria were evaluated. Further, a control group of 32 patients in whom tracheal intubation was easily accomplished was studied.

Moyamoya syndrome with unusual angiographic findings and protein C deficiency: review of the literature.

We describe the findings in a six-year-old female with typical clinical symptoms of Moyamoya phenomena, but with an unusual angiographic appearance. The vertebral artery showed segmented occlusion in the upper cervical region, with reconstitution via collateral circulation through muscular branches. The carotid circulation showed involvement of the external carotid artery (ECA) branches and marked narrowing of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) bilaterally, suggesting that this disease is systemic in nature.

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the diagnosis of choledochal cysts in children.

The objective is to present the usefulness of hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the investigation of children with suspected choledochal cysts through our experience in King Khalid University Hospital at King Saud University, Riyadh. Seven patients aged between I and 10 years (average 4.8 yrs) comprising six females and one male were investigated.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: the importance of early magnetic resonance imaging.

The diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is frequently missed or delayed with consequent delay in instituting therapy in the crucial phase of the illness. The role of MRI in the diagnosis of ADEM is well established, however, the value of its early utilization of treatment on the outcome of patients has not been adequately stressed. Three patients with ADEM are described.