Assessing spatially distributed infiltration capacity to evaluate storm runoff in forested catchments: Implications for hydrological connectivity.

We assessed spatial distribution of infiltration capacity under forest canopies to simulate runoff processes in a steep small catchment in Japan. High resolution LiDAR data were used to assess light availability to understory vegetation, which in turn was converted into an understory vegetation cover ratio. Spatially distributed infiltration capacities based on data from field rainfall-runoff experiments were incorporated into the TopoTube model using a relationship between infiltration capacity and vegetation cover.

[A case of tetanus showing limited mobility of the bilateral vocal cords].

Patients with tetanus complaining of common signs such as lockjaw, voice disturbance, and difficulty in swallowing, etc, should never be forgotten. A 71-year old woman complained of dyspnea and difficulty in swallowing. She had lockjaw with tongue bite soon after a tracheostomy, and she was diagnosed as having tetanus.

Treatment of intractable diseased tissue in the maxillary sinus after endoscopic sinus surgery with high-pressure water jet and preservation of the periosteum.

Objective: To describe a new high-pressure water jet (HPWJ) treatment to remove intractable diseased mucosa persisting in the maxillary sinus several months after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) while preserving the periosteum.

Design: A retrospective review of HPWJ treatment in 45 consecutive patients with at least 12 months follow-up.

Setting: A private surgicenter in Japan.

[Clinical and laboratory evaluation of pediatric kidney disease].

In infancy, the kidney by itself is immature and the body fluid composition is extremely different from that in adults. Further more, there are various renal diseases in children with characteristics different from those in adults. Thus in childhood, consideration for aging is critical for evaluation of renal function, and diagnosis of the disease.