Image-based robotic (ROSA knee system) total knee arthroplasty with inverse kinematic alignment compared to conventional total knee arthroplasty : Study protocol and the inverse kinematic alignment in 8-steps using the ROSA Knee system for knee balancing technique explained.

Introduction: In 2020, 368 million people globally were affected by knee osteoarthritis, and prevalence is projected to increase with 74% by 2050. Relatively high rates of dissatisfactory results after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), as reported by approximately 20% of patients, may be caused by sub-optimal knee alignment and balancing. While mechanical alignment has traditionally been the goal, patient-specific alignment strategies are gaining interest.

Search for surrogate markers to predict end stage kidney disease in long term lithium users.

Background: A surrogate marker (a substitute indicator of the true outcome) is needed to predict subgroups of long-term lithium users at risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). In this narrative review the aim is to determine the optimal surrogate endpoint for ESKD in long-term lithium users in a scientific context. MAIN: In a literature search in long-term lithium users, no studies on surrogate measurements on ESKD were identified.

International expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (arginine vasopressin resistance).

Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI; also known as arginine vasopressin resistance) is a rare inherited disorder of water homeostasis, caused by insensitivity of the distal nephron to arginine vasopressin. Consequently, the kidney loses its ability to concentrate urine, which leads to polyuria, polydipsia and the risk of hypertonic dehydration. The diagnosis and management of NDI are very challenging and require an integrated, multidisciplinary approach.

A Putative Role for TRPC6 in Immune-Mediated Kidney Injury.

Excessive activation of the immune system is the cause of a wide variety of renal diseases. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the aberrant activation of the immune system in the kidneys often remain unknown. TRPC6, a member of the Ca-permeant family of TRPC channels, is important in glomerular epithelial cells or podocytes for the process of glomerular filtration.