Latent bladder hypersensitivity induced by neonatal cystitis in rats unmasked by segmental but not hetero-segmental inflammation.

Rats which experienced neonatal bladder inflammation (NBI) have been demonstrated to exhibit latent bladder hypersensitivity with a nociceptive component that becomes unmasked by a second inflammatory insult as an adult. Manifested as augmented reflex and neuronal responses to urinary bladder distension (UBD), these NBI-induced changes are revealed by using inflammation of nearby structures as an adult pretreatment. The effect of inflammation in distant structures is not known.

A Phase 1a/1b Study of Fostroxacitabine Bralpamide (Fostrox) Monotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Solid Tumor Liver Metastases.

Purpose: To evaluate safety, preliminary efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, of fostroxacitabine bralpamide (fostrox, MIV-818), a novel oral troxacitabine nucleotide prodrug designed to direct exposure to the liver, while minimizing systemic toxicity.

Patients And Methods: Fostrox monotherapy was administered in an open-label, single-arm, first-in-human, phase 1a/1b study, in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, or solid tumor liver metastases. The first part (1a) consisted of intra/inter-patient escalating doses (3 mg to 70 mg) QD for up to 5 days, and the second part (1b), doses of 40 mg QD for 5 days, in 21-day cycles.

"Sometimes I Get So Extremely Tired": Sámi Healthcare Staff Experiences of Cultural Load in Practice.

The study aim was to explore how Sámi healthcare staff experience working as an ethnic minority in the Norwegian healthcare system. This was a qualitative focus group and individual interview study inspired by interpretive description, with 14 participants. The results indicate that Sámi healthcare staff experience various degrees of cultural load in their jobs.