Gate-readout and a 3D rectification effect for giant responsivity enhancement of asymmetric dual-grating-gate plasmonic terahertz detectors.

We experimentally investigated the asymmetric dual-grating-gate plasmonic terahertz (THz) detector based on an InGaAs-channel high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) in the gate-readout configuration. Throughout the THz pulse detection measurement on the fabricated device, we discovered a new detection mechanism called the "3D rectification effect" at the positive gate bias application, which is a cooperative effect of the plasmonic nonlinearities in the channel with the diode nonlinearity in the heterobarrier between the InGaAs channel layer and the InAlAs spacer/carrier-supply/barrier layers, resulting in a giant enhancement of the detector responsivity. We also found that an undesired long-tail waveform observed on the temporal pulse photoresponse of the device is due to trapping of carriers to the donor levels in the silicon -doped carrier-supply layer when they tunnel through the barrier to the gate and can be eliminated completely by introducing the so-called inverted-HEMT structure.

Regioselective C-F Bond Transformations of Silyl Difluoroenolates.

Herein, we report the development of a nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of silyl difluoroenolates with aryl zinc reagents via C-F bond cleavage. Treatment of a stoichiometric amount of Ni(0)/-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) with silyl difluoroenolates in the presence of a lithium salt resulted in C-F bond cleavage to selectively afford the corresponding ()-alkenyl Ni complexes. On the basis of the observations, we developed a catalytic cross-coupling reaction that selectively delivers a single geometric isomer of a fluoroenolate.

Poor Result Reporting Rate in Cell Therapy Trials Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.

As research associates in clinical experiments, we have an obligation to disclose clinical methodologies and findings in full transparency in ethics. However, inadequate disclosure in results reporting clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov has been revealed, with approximately half the trial results not being reported in an applicable manner.

A Pilot Study on Result Reporting Rates from Clinical Trials of Regenerative Medicine.

Sharing the methods and results of clinical trials with full transparency is an ethical obligation for those involved in clinical research. In this regard, ClinicalTrials.gov requires reporting of results to the registry within 1 year of completion of the trial.

Targeted Temperature Management for Severe Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using Endovascular and Surface Cooling Systems: A Nonrandomized Interventional Study Using Historical Control.

Background: Although targeted temperature management (TTM) may mitigate brain injury for severe subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), rebound fever correlates with poor outcomes.

Objective: To study the effect of endovascular TTM after rewarming from initial surface cooling during a high-risk period for delayed cerebral ischemia.

Methods: We studied patients with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade V SAH before and after the introduction of endovascular TTM.