Computational Characterization of the Structure, Energy, Strengths, and Fracture Resistances of Symmetric Tilt Grain Boundaries in Ice.

Using an interatomic potential that can capture the tetrahedral configuration of water molecules (HO) in ice without the need to explicitly track the motion of the O and H atoms, coarse-grained (CG) atomistic simulations are performed here to characterize the structures, energy, cohesive strengths, and fracture resistance of the grain boundaries (GBs) in polycrystalline ice resulting from water freezing. Taking the symmetric tilt grain boundaries (STGBs) with a tilting axis of ⟨0001⟩ as an example, several main findings from our simulations are (i) the GB energy, , exhibits a strong dependence on the GB misorientation angle, θ. The classical Read-Shockley model only predicts the - θ relation reasonably well when θ < 20° or θ > 45° but fails when 20° < θ < 45°; (ii) two "valleys" appear in the -θ landscape.

Perceived harm of e-cigarettes relative to conventional cigarettes: Comparison among different measures in the US and Vietnam.

Introduction: Evidence shows the inconsistencies in perceived harm of e-cigarettes between direct (single question) and indirect (assessing perceived harm separately by a single question and subtracting their score) measures. While the validity of both measures was tested by assessing their association with criterion variables (i.e.

Decoding cancer etiology with cellular reprogramming.

Cancer research remains clinically unmet in many areas due to limited access to patient samples and the lack of reliable model systems that truly reflect human cancer biology. The emergence of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and engineered human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has helped overcome these challenges, offering a versatile alternative platform for advancing cancer research. These hPSCs are already proving to be valuable models for studying specific cancer driver mutations, offering insights into cancer origins, pathogenesis, tumor heterogeneity, clonal evolution, and facilitating drug discovery and testing.

Feculent Drainage from Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube due to Gastrocolocutaneous Fistula Found in Emergency Department: A Case Report.

Introduction: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement is a common procedure for patients requiring non-oral feeding. One rare complication of PEG placement is the formation of a gastrocolocutaneous fistula that develops when the bowel is caught between the stomach and abdominal wall during placement. This report explores an elderly patient's gastrocolocutaneous fistula development months post-PEG placement who presented with malodorous leakage from the gastrostomy tube to the emergency department (ED).