A proof of principle study investigating the effects of supplemental concentrated brewer's yeast on markers of gut permeability, inflammation, and fecal metabolites in healthy non-challenged adult sled dogs.

Yeast-derived β-glucans impact immunity, though their effects on gut permeability and inflammation are less understood. Most research has investigated other components of the yeast cell wall, such as the prebiotic mannan- and fructo-oligosaccharides. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of feeding a concentrated yeast product on markers of inflammation (serum amyloid A [SAA] and haptoglobin [Hp]) and oxidative status (malondialdehyde [MDA]), fecal products of fermentation, and gut permeability.

Modeling the partition of volatile aroma compounds from a cloud emulsion.

Parameters determining the partitioning behavior of volatile compounds between a cloud emulsion and the gas phase were measured under static equilibrium headspace conditions, using volatiles (e.g., ethyl hexanoate, cymene, and octanol) representing different volatilities and different degrees of hydrophobicity.

Confirmed identities of proteins from a two-dimensional map of Syrian hamster embryo cells.

The Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cell transformation assay is widely used to screen chemicals for carcinogenic potential. However, the biochemical mechanisms of transformation in SHE cells are incompletely understood relative to other rodent systems. Thus identification of proteins which change during transformation can provide clues to biochemical mechanisms.

Alpha-quartz-induced chemokine expression by rat lung epithelial cells: effects of in vivo and in vitro particle exposure.

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that can play a key role in leukocyte recruitment to sites of tissue injury or infection. Previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to alpha-quartz as well as other noxious particles increases chemokine gene expression in rat lung, although the cells responsible for chemokine expression and the mechanisms underlying this response have remained unclear. The present studies demonstrate that exposure of rats to alpha-quartz induced expression of mRNA for the chemokine macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 in epithelial cells lining the terminal bronchioles and alveolar ducts as well as macrophages and alveolar type II cells in the more distal lung.

Optimization and validation of an ELISA to measure specific guinea pig IgG1 antibody as an alternative to the in vivo passive cutaneous anaphylaxis assay.

Assessment of the allergenic potency of enzymes involves the use of a guinea pig model in which specific IgG1 antibody titers are used as the endpoint. The in vivo passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) assay is used to measure specific IgG1 antibody. This report describes the development and validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure guinea pig specific IgG1 antibody as an in vitro alternative to the PCA assay.