Ergonomic and sustainable posture for gynecological laparoscopic surgeons determined based on images analyzed using artificial intelligence.

Studies have reported the emergence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) due to surgery. In fact, the usfige of long-shafted instruments has been suspected to induce WMSD in laparoscopic surgery. The present study therefore investigated whether differences in the range of motion of the face and neck, and the shoulder, elbow and hand on the dominant hand side, existed when using short- and long-shafted laparoscopic coagulation shears (LCS) during a gynecological laparoscopic surgery, based on images analyzed using artificial intelligence.

Effect of temperature on sexual size dimorphism during the developmental period in the broad-horned flour beetle.

Adult size in numerous insects is strongly dependent on temperature. In several cases, a temperature-size rule is observed in which developmental temperature and adult size tradeoff. Although several previous studies have demonstrated the temperature-size rule, only a few have explored the relationship between developmental temperature and weapon traits or sexual size dimorphism.

Hereditary nature of death-feigning frequency in a parasitoid wasp Heterospilus prosopidis using sib analysis.

Death feigning, a state of immobility observed in many animals in response to external stimuli, is an anti-predator behaviour. Although previous studies showed that death-feigning behaviours are quantitative genetic traits, the knowledge of the heritable basis of death-feigning behaviour is lacking. To investigate the heritable basis of death-feigning behaviour, we used 3 laboratory strains of a braconid parasitoid wasp, Heterospilus prosopidis.

Transcriptomic comparison between populations selected for higher and lower mobility in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum.

Movement is an important behavior observed in a wide range of taxa. Previous studies have examined genes controlling movement using wing polymorphic insects and genes controlling wing size. However, few studies have investigated genes controlling movement activity rather than morphological traits.

Latitudinal cline of death-feigning behaviour in a beetle ().

Death-feigning behaviour is a phenomenon in which a prey is rendered motionless due to stimulation or threat from a predator. This anti-predator defence mechanism has been observed across numerous animal taxa and is considered adaptive in nature. However, longer durations of death feigning can result in decreased opportunities for feeding and reproduction, and therefore is often associated with fitness costs as compared to environments without predators.