CSF and plasma pharmacokinetics of pethidine and norpethidine in man after epidural and intrathecal administration of pethidine.

The disposition of pethidine and its main metabolite, norpethidine, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma was studied in 11 thoracic surgery patients after lumbar epidural (100 mg; n = 6) or lumbar intrathecal (25 mg; n = 5) administration of pethidine. Pethidine appeared more slowly in plasma after intrathecal than after epidural administration (tmax 2.3 h and 14 min, respectively), but systemic bioavailability was similar.

Stability of PABA after UV irradiation in vivo and in vitro.

Sunscreens are widely used for the prevention of acute and chronic sun damage. One of the most widely used sunscreens is para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). It has been reported that PABA decomposes on exposure to air and light as well as exposure to high doses of UVB.

Systemic absorption of adrenaline after aerosol, eye-drop and subcutaneous administration to healthy volunteers.

Adrenaline is the drug of choice for management of the anaphylactic reaction. The objective of this study was to compare systemic absorption of adrenaline after administration by different routes to healthy volunteers. Ten puffs (1.

Fluorine uptake in bovine enamel from various treatment agents.

Bovine tooth enamel with a low and uniform fluorine content was used for the study of fluorine uptake by the Micro-Acid-Drop enamel biopsy technique from different treatment agents commonly used in Sweden. The fluorine concentration in the enamel was also measured after an exposure of the treated test surfaces in artificial saliva for 90 minutes. Sodium fluoride 0.

Pharmacokinetics of different epidural sites of morphine administration.

In order to determine the rate and degree of redistribution of morphine within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and whether it was affected by the site of and volume of the injection, morphine was given to 23 elderly patients undergoing thoracotomy - in 10 ml saline in the lumbar epidural interspace (n = 5), in 10 ml saline in the thoracic epidural interspace (n = 5), in 2 ml saline in the thoracic interspace (n = 8) and in 10 ml saline in the lumbar epidural interspace (n = 5). The plasma concentration of morphine in all patients was comparable and was much lower than in the CSF. The CSF morphine concentration, measured as the area under the CSF concentration curve (AUC), the maximal CSF concentration (Cmax) and the time to reach maximal CSF concentration (tmax), varied between the four groups.