Salt fluoridation and oral health.

Unlabelled: The aim of this paper is to make known the potential of fluoridated salt in community oral health programs, particularly in South Eastern Europe. Since 1922, the addition of iodine to salt has been successful in Switzerland. Goiter is virtually extinct.

Changes in dental caries in Zurich school-children over a period of 45 years.

In 16 rural communities of the Canton of Zurich, school-children of all age groups participated in dental examinations conducted at intervals of 4 years since 1963/64. The same standardised method was used throughout the entire period. This study documents the caries experience over a period of 45 years.

Further caries decline in Swiss recruits from 1996 to 2006.

Previous investigations showed a steady decline of the caries experience. The purpose of this study was to determine the caries experience of Swiss recruits in 2006 and to compare it to that of 1985 and 1996. The results of a parallel investigation which dealt with the periodontal health of the same recruits have already been published (Röthlisberger et al.

Urinary fluoride levels in Jamaican children in 2008, after 21 years of salt fluoridation.

Rationale: In 1984, the DMFT12 in Jamaican children was 6.7 (very severe). In 1987, national salt fluoridation was implemented (250 mg F-/kg salt).

STARCH-EXCESS4 is a laforin-like Phosphoglucan phosphatase required for starch degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Starch is the major storage carbohydrate in plants. It is comprised of glucans that form semicrystalline granules. Glucan phosphorylation is a prerequisite for normal starch breakdown, but phosphoglucan metabolism is not understood.