[Effectiveness of different castration methods in breast cancer patients].

Estrogens play the most important role in breast cancer oncogenesis. There are different methods used to decrease estrogen production and serum concentration: surgery, irradiation and drug-based method. In the current study 500 patients with localized surgically resectable breast cancer (infiltrative-edematous form included) or disseminated breast cancer with indication for ovarial function inhibition.

[Use of endoscopy for sacral resection: a clinical case].

A case of clinical application of endoscopy in the course of surgery for sacral resection is discussed. Video-assisted frontal approach was used to ligate internal ileac vessels and to detach the fore end of tumor. Subsequently, the sacrum was removed via back access.