Clinical features and pathological findings by liver biopsy in patients with immune-related sclerosing cholangitis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immune-related sclerosing cholangitis (irSC) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is relatively rare, and its clinical and pathological features are not well known.

Aims: We aimed to compare the clinical course and pathological findings of irSC with those of non-irSC liver injury.

Methods: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 2416 patients with advanced malignancies treated with ICIs between September 2014 and October 2023.

Transcriptome analysis of human oral squamous cancer SAS cells as an early response after boron neutron capture therapy.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on nuclear reactions between thermal neutron and boron-10 preferentially distributed in the cancer cells. B-boronophenylalanine (BPA) is the approved drug for treatment of oral cancers for BNCT. However, the predictive biomarkers to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and side-effects have not been clarified yet.

Discovery of STX-721, a Covalent, Potent, and Highly Mutant-Selective EGFR/HER2 Exon20 Insertion Inhibitor for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

After L858R and ex19del epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, ex20ins mutations are the third most common class of driver-mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, first-, second-, and third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are generally ineffective for ex20ins patients due to insufficient mutant activity and selectivity over wild-type EGFR, leading to dose-limiting toxicities. While significant advances in recent years have been made toward identifying potent EGFR ex20ins mutant inhibitors, mutant vs wild-type EGFR selectivity remains a significant challenge.

Quantitative Assessment of Postural Influence on Lung Function Using Deformable Image Registration-Based Breath-Hold CT Ventilation Imaging.

Purpose This study aimed to clarify which positions are beneficial for patients with pathological lung diseases, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, by obtaining lung ventilation and deformable vector field (DVF) images using Deformable Image Registration (DIR). Methods Thirteen healthy volunteers (5 female, 8 male) provided informed consent to participate to observe changes in normal lungs. DIR imaging was processed using the B-spline algorithm to obtain BH-CTVI (inhale, exhale) in four body positions (supine, prone, right lateral, left lateral) using DIR-based breath-hold CT ventilation imaging (BH-CTVI).

Evaluation of renal fibrosis using scanning acoustic microscopy.

Background: Renal fibrosis is strongly correlated with renal functional outcomes. Therefore, this is a significant finding in determining renal prognosis. There are various reports on the imaging evaluation of renal fibrosis, but these are not well established.