Continuous Flow Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Enabling Rapid Screening of Synthesis-Structure-Property Relationships.

An adjustable and scalable method for the continuous flow synthesis of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), targetted the reduction of their activity to synthetic biomembranes to inform the fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) with reduced toxicity for commercial applications. By manipulating key factors; temperature, residence time, and the ratio of precursor to reductant, precise control over the morphology of CuO NPs is achieved with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirming the formation of needle-shaped CuO NPs. One-variable-at-a-time studies reveal a relationship between the synthesis conditions and the characteristics of the resultant NPs, with CuO NPs varying controllably between 10-50 nanometres in length and 4-10 nanometres in width.

Prefrontal tDCS fails to modulate memory retrieval in younger and older adults.

Previous research shows that a single session of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) can improve the accuracy of episodic memory retrieval, but stimulation effects are not always found and may be moderated by time of day. Here, we report the results from a rigorous clinical trial (NCT03723850) designed to replicate these tDCS findings in younger adults and extend them to cognitively normal older adults. We conducted the largest double-blind, between-subjects tDCS study on memory retrieval in younger and older adults to date.

Embryonic Lethality, Juvenile Growth Variation, and Adult Sterility Correlate With Phylogenetic Distance of Danionin Hybrids.

Hybrid incompatibility, which plays a pivotal role in speciation, is expected to correlate with greater phylogenetic distance. Here, we investigate the fitness of interspecies hybrids within the Danionin subfamily, which includes the model species, Danio rerio, and its relatives - Danio kyathit, Danio albolineatus, Danio margaritatus, and Devario aequipinnatus. We generated hybrids through in vitro fertilization, using Danio rerio as the maternal species, with normal fertilization rates showing no incompatibilities in sperm-egg interactions within these two genera.

Baby Open Brains: An Open-Source Repository of Infant Brain Segmentations.

Reproducibility of neuroimaging research on infant brain development remains limited due to highly variable protocols and processing approaches. Progress towards reproducible pipelines is limited by a lack of benchmarks such as gold standard brain segmentations. Addressing this core limitation, we constructed the Baby Open Brains (BOBs) Repository, an open source resource comprising manually curated and expert-reviewed infant brain segmentations.