Innovative polymer-based shaft instruments for minimally invasive surgery.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become an important field in the health care sector over the last decade. Still, there is the need for improving existing instruments and developing new tools providing increased functionality. This work presents innovative solutions and experimental results for a new generation of innovative polymer-based shaft instruments for minimally invasive surgery.

Combined endo- and exoscopic semi-robotic manipulator system for image guided operations.

This paper describes the development of a robotic assistance system for image guided operations. To minimize operation time, a multimodal user interface enables freehand robotic manipulation of an extracorporeal stereoscopic digital camera (exoscope) and an endoscope. The surgeon thereby wears a head-mounted unit with a binocular display, a head tracker, a microphone and earphones.

Semiautomated registration using new markers for assessing the accuracy of a navigation system.

Objectives: New markers are described that can be used for an improved registration procedure and for the exact comparison of navigation systems. The advantages of the markers are demonstrated, together with an automated segmentation algorithm for locating the centroid of the markers in image space. Compared to manual registration, this method shows an improved registration accuracy.

Intraoperative guidance in maxillofacial and craniofacial surgery.

The authors' experiences with intraoperative computer assisted guidance in interventions in oromaxillofacial and craniofacial surgery are reported. The guidance system SPOCS (Surgical Planning and Orientation Computer Systems, Aesculap, Germany) consists of an infrared light emitting system of diodes and camera, an imaging workstation and assorted freehand instruments. The software is an updated version of the well-known Viewing Wand software (ISG Technologies, Canada).

Combined retractor and hand-rest system for neurosurgery.

A combined self-retaining retractor and hand-rest system for neurosurgery is presented. It was developed from the original Leyla system but has the advantage of an integrated hand-rest.