Reconstructing the history of helminth prevalence in the UK.

Intestinal helminth parasites (worms) have afflicted humans throughout history and their eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits including at locations where intestinal parasites are no longer considered endemic (e.g. the UK).

Radiobiological evaluation of organs at risk for electronic high-dose-rate brachytherapy in uveal melanoma: a radiobiological modeling study.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine feasibility of single- or hypo-fraction of high-dose-rate (HDR) electronic brachytherapy (eBT) in uveal melanoma treatment.

Material And Methods: Biologically effective doses (BED) of organs at risk (OARs) were compared to those of iodine-125-based eye plaque low-dose-rate brachytherapy (I LDR-BT) with vitreous replacement (VR). Single- or hypo-fractionated equivalent physical doses (SFEDs or HFEDs) for tumor were calculated from tumor BED of I LDR-BT using linear-quadratic (LQ) and universal survival curve (USC) models.

Understanding the implementation (including women's use) of maternity waiting homes in low-income and middle-income countries: a realist synthesis protocol.

Introduction: Maternity waiting homes in low-income and middle-income countries provide accommodation near health facilities for pregnant women close to the time of birth to promote facility-based birth and birth with a skilled professional and to enable timely access to emergency obstetric services when needed. To date, no studies have provided a systematic, comprehensive synthesis explaining facilitators and barriers to successful maternity waiting home implementation and whether and how implementation strategies and recommendations vary by context. This synthesis will systematically consolidate the evidence, answering the question, 'How, why, for whom, and in what context are maternity waiting homes successfully implemented in low-income and middle-income countries?'.

Epidemiological insights from a large-scale investigation of intestinal helminths in Medieval Europe.

Helminth infections are among the World Health Organization's top neglected diseases with significant impact in many Less Economically Developed Countries. Despite no longer being endemic in Europe, the widespread presence of helminth eggs in archaeological deposits indicates that helminths represented a considerable burden in past European populations. Prevalence of infection is a key epidemiological feature that would influence the elimination of endemic intestinal helminths, for example, low prevalence rates may have made it easier to eliminate these infections in Europe without the use of modern anthelminthic drugs.

Dose-rate considerations for the INTRABEAM electronic brachytherapy system: Report from the American association of physicists in medicine task group no. 292.

The purpose of this report is to provide detailed guidance on the dosimetry of the INTRABEAM® (Carl Zeiss Medical AG, Jena, Germany) electronic brachytherapy (eBT) system as it stands at the present time. This report has been developed by the members of American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group 292 and endorsed by the AAPM. Members of AAPM Task Group 292 on Electronic-Brachytherapy Dosimetry have reviewed pertinent publications and user manuals regarding the INTRABEAM system dosimetry and manufacturer-supplied dose calculation protocols.