Temporal origin of mouse claustrum and development of its cortical projections.

The claustrum is known for its extensive connectivity with many other forebrain regions, but its elongated shape and deep location have made further study difficult. We have sought to understand when mouse claustrum neurons are born, where they are located in developing brains, and when they develop their widespread connections to the cortex. We established that a well-characterized parvalbumin plexus, which identifies the claustrum in adults, is only present from postnatal day (P) 21.

Exploring the symbol processing 'time interval' parametric constraint in a Belousov-Zhabotinsky operated chemical Turing machine.

Chemical reactions are powerful molecular recognition machines. This power has been recently harnessed to build actual instances of each class of experimentally realizable computing automata, using exclusively small-molecule chemistry ( without requiring biomolecules). The most powerful of them, a programmable Turing machine, uses the Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillatory chemistry, and accepts/rejects input sequences through a dual oscillatory and thermodynamic output signature.

pH Oscillating System for Molecular Computation as a Chemical Turing Machine.

It has previously been demonstrated that native chemical Turing machines can be constructed by exploiting the nonlinear dynamics of the homogeneous oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. These Turing machines can perform word recognition of a Chomsky type 1 context sensitive language (CSL), demonstrating their high computing power. Here, we report on a chemical Turing machine that has been developed using the HO-HSO-SO -CO pH oscillating system.

Marimo actuated rover systems.

Background: The potential to directly harness photosynthesis to make actuators, biosensors and bioprocessors has been previously demonstrated in the literature. Herein, this capability has been expanded to more advanced systems - Marimo Actuated Rover Systems (MARS) - which are capable of autonomous, solar powered, movement.

Results: We demonstrate this ability is both a practical and viable alternative to conventional mobile platforms for exploration and dynamic environmental monitoring.

Finite Quantum Gravity Amplitudes: No Strings Attached.

We study the gravity-mediated scattering of scalar fields based on a parameterization of the Lorentzian quantum effective action. We demonstrate that the interplay of infinite towers of spin zero and spin two poles at imaginary squared momentum leads to scattering amplitudes that are compatible with unitarity bounds, causal, and scale-free at trans-Planckian energy. Our construction avoids introducing nonlocalities or the massive higher-spin particles that are characteristic in string theory.