Combination of 2 test methods, single-picture optotype visual acuity chart and spot™ vision screener, in the eye health screening program for 3-year-old children in Tokyo: A retrospective, observational study.

To evaluate the usefulness of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government's Eye Health Screening Program for 3-year-old children, which combines the Single-Picture Optotype Visual Acuity Chart (SPVAC) and Spot™ Vision Screener (SVS) tests. This was a retrospective, observational, matched study. Patients who underwent the eye health screening program and had abnormalities were classified into 3 groups according to the outcomes of the SPVAC (SPVAC-passed, SPVAC-P; SPVAC-failed, SPVAC-F) and SVS (SVS-passed, SVS-P; SVS-failed, SVS-F) tests as follows: SPVAC-P/SVS-F, SPVAC-F/SVS-P, and SPVAC-F/SVS-F.

Clinical evaluation of flat peripheral curve design with aspherical-curve and multi-curve hard contact lenses for keratoconus.

Aspherical- and multi-curve rigid gas-permeable hard contact lenses (HCLs) have a flattened curve in the peripheral zone and are mostly used for patients with keratoconus who cannot wear glasses, soft contact lenses, or spherical HCLs. In this retrospective study, a total of 95 eyes of 77 patients who used aspherical- or multi-curve HCLs (mean age: 40.0 ± 11.

Correlation of corneal elevation with severity of keratoconus by means of anterior and posterior topographic analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the severity of keratoconus in terms of corneal elevation differences with 2 different reference surfaces using topographic analysis.

Methods: Eighty-six eyes of 50 patients with keratoconus of various clinical stages (61 male and 25 female eyes) with mean age of 37.3 ± 11.

Effect of higher-order aberrations on visual function in keratoconic eyes with a rigid gas permeable contact lens.

Purpose: To study the effect of higher-order aberrations (HOAs) on visual function in keratoconus with a rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens (CLs).

Design: Retrospective nonrandomized study.

Methods: Thirteen eyes of 10 subjects with keratoconus who wore a RGP CLs (KC-RGP group), 15 eyes of nine normal subjects (normal group), and 14 eyes of nine subjects who wore a RGP CLs (RGP group) who had no ocular diseases except for refractive errors and had 20/20 or better-corrected visual acuity were included in this study.

Getah virus as an equine pathogen.

Getah virus is a member of the genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae and has been frequently isolated from mosquitoes. Seroepizootiologic studies indicate that the virus is mosquito-borne and widespread, ranging from Eurasia to southeast and far eastern Asia, the Pacific islands, and Australasia. The natural host animal of the virus was not known until the first recognized occurrence of Getah virus infection among racehorses in two training centers in Japan in 1978.