Hemodynamics of speech production: An fNIRS investigation of children who stutter.

Stuttering affects nearly 1% of the population worldwide and often has life-altering negative consequences, including poorer mental health and emotional well-being, and reduced educational and employment achievements. Over two decades of neuroimaging research reveals clear anatomical and physiological differences in the speech neural networks of adults who stutter. However, there have been few neurophysiological investigations of speech production in children who stutter.

Biomechanical Causes of Fracture Non-union after Diaphyseal Forearm Fracture Fixation: an in Silico Analysis. Case Study.

Unlabelled: Non-union of forearm bone shaft fractures remains, in some cases, a major clinical problem. The aim of this study was to assess the biomechanical causes of non-union in a patient with diaphyseal forearm fractures fixated with LCP plates. The paper describes the case of a 35-year-old male who developed a non-union as a result of destabilisation of the fixation.

Amounts of artificial food dyes and added sugars in foods and sweets commonly consumed by children.

Artificial food colors (AFCs) are used to color many beverages, foods, and sweets in the United States and throughout the world. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits the AFCs allowed in the diet to 9 different colors. The FDA certifies each batch of manufactured AFCs to guarantee purity and safety.

Amounts of artificial food colors in commonly consumed beverages and potential behavioral implications for consumption in children.

Artificial food colors (AFCs) are widely used to color foods and beverages. The amount of AFCs the Food and Drug Administration has certified over the years has increased more than 5-fold since 1950 (12 mg/capita/day) to 2012 (68 mg/capita/day). In the past 38 years, there have been studies of adverse behavioral reactions such as hyperactivity in children to double-blind challenges with AFCs.