THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TYPE-2 DIABETES AND TUBERCULOSIS.

According to the experimental and clinical investigations, innate and adaptive immune disorders play a significant role in T2-D subjects to become more susceptible to TB. It was shown that the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, NK cells and other components of innate immunity areis markedly compromised by metabolic disorders in T2-D. The number of evidences suggests that reduction in TH1:TH2 cytokines ratios may have significant influence on susceptibility of TB infection in T2-D subjects.

Circadian Variation in Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation Mediators and Baroreflex Sensitivity in Hypertensive Rats.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the circadian profile of the vasorelaxing substances calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and the vasconstrictive agent endothelin-1 (ET1) and the daily rhythms of cardiac hemodynamic indices (CHI) and baroreflex (BRS) in Wistar rats with 1 kidney-1 clip model of arterial hypertension (1K-1C AH). The animals were divided into 3 groups: I- sham-operated (SO), II- 4-week and III- 8-week 1K-1C AH rats. Plasma concentration of ET1, CGRP and EET's were investigated every 4 h.

Effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonist on the cardiovascular events, mortality, and prostaglandin E2 production by nitrate-induced tolerant rats with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Anti-ischemic effects of NO releasing by nitroglycerin (NTG) and the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are involved in the decrease of vascular remodeling in different cardiovascular diseases. Using a nitrate-free period is still generally required to prevent nitrate tolerance and should be used as the first-line option to maintain adequate symptom control and on an individual basis. Personalized anti-ischemic concerns require the urgent change of paradigm from interventional measures to predictive, preventive, and personalized treatment with organic nitrates and its combination with drugs that may improve prognosis and drugs that can be added for patients who remain symptomatic despite therapy with the other classes of agents.

Effect of combination of zafirlukast and quercetin on baroreflex sensitivity and endothelin production in rats with myocardial infarction.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of zafirlukast (Z), quercetin (Q) and their combination on baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), endothelin-1 (E1) plasma concentration and the severity of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) occurring during myocardial infarction (MI). In anaesthetized Wistar rats, MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (CAL). Animals were divided into the five groups: I--sham-operated (SO); II--CAL; III--CAL+Z (0.

[Imidazoline receptors].

An increasing number of studies suggest that the pharmacology and therapeutic potential of a family of imidazoline receptors continues to generate substantial interest of investigators. This review analyzes the functional role of imidazoline receptors, their subpopulation, distribution in the central and peripheral nervous system and action of related ligands. Besides to their brainstem location where I1-receptor sites play a significant role to regulate and modulate blood pressure, they also are found in different parts of brain with the highest densities in the striatum, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala, substantia nigra, while I3-receptor sites were revealed in pancreas which enhances insulin secretion, I2-receptors are widely distributed in interpeduncular nucleus, arcuate and pineal gland and take a part in monoamine turnover.