Pharmacological depletion of pericytes induces diabetic retinopathy-like abnormal blood vessels in neonatal rat retina.

Diabetic retinopathy is a major ocular complication associated with diabetes mellitus. Pericyte loss is a hallmark of diabetic retinopathy. The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B-PDGF receptor-β (PDGFRβ) signaling pathway plays an important role in the proliferation and migration of pericytes.

Clinicopathological evaluation of the efficacy of endoscopic treatment for sessile serrated lesions comparing endoscopic mucosal resection, cold snare polypectomy, and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection.

Objectives: Recently, various endoscopic treatments for colorectal polyps have been reported, including cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR), in addition to EMR. However, a precise treatment strategy for sessile serrated lesions (SSL) has not been established. In this study, we analyzed the clinicopathological features of SSL resected by EMR, CSP, and UEMR to determine the most suitable treatment for SSL.

Long-Range Halogen Dance Reaction in 4,5-Dihalogeno-2-(Sulfur-Containing Heterocyclyl)thiazole.

We have investigated the base-induced long-range halogen dance reactions of 4,5-dibromo- or 4-bromo-5-iodothiazoles bearing sulfur-containing aromatic heterocycles at the C2-position. We have found that the reaction occurs in bithiazole regioisomers or (thiophenyl)thiazole derivatives, in which the C-5 halo group on the thiazole halogen donor regioselectively migrates to a halogen acceptor ring after treatment with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide. The substrate with a thiophen-2-yl substituent required highly basic P4-t-Bu to induce the halogen dance reaction.

Prospective study of once-daily accelerated partial breast irradiation using 3-dimensional conformal external beam radiotherapy for Japanese women: 12-year outcomes, toxicity, and cosmesis.

Background: To analyze in a prospective study the long-term safety and efficacy of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) to deliver accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) for Japanese women with early breast cancer.

Methods: Breast cancer patients with pathological tumor size ≤ 3 cm, age ≥ 20 years, lumpectomy with at least a 5 mm margin, and ≤ 3 positive axillary nodes were eligible. APBI was delivered by 3D-CRT at a dose of 38.