[Superficial venous thrombosis. A state of art].

For a long time superficial thrombophlebitis has been thought to be a rather benign condition. Recently, when duplex ultrasound technique is used for the diagnosis more and more often, the disease is proved to be more dangerous than anticipated. Thrombosis propagates to the deep veins in 6-44% and pulmonary embolism was observed on the patients in 1,5-33%.

A multi-radionuclide approach to evaluate the suitability of (239+240)Pu as soil erosion tracer.

Fallout radionuclides have been used successfully worldwide as tracers for soil erosion, but relatively few studies exploit the full potential of plutonium (Pu) isotopes. Hence, this study aims to explore the suitability of the plutonium isotopes (239)Pu and (240)Pu as a method to assess soil erosion magnitude by comparison to more established fallout radionuclides such as (137)Cs and (210)Pbex. As test area an erosion affected headwater catchment of the Lake Soyang (South Korea) was selected.

The development of phlebology in Hungary.

Angiology as an independent discipline together with phlebology started in Hungary with the work of Károly Bugár-Mészáros. Major chapters can be read on venous diseases in his book published in 1944. A milestone in pharmacological phlebology was the discovery of the flavonoids by Albert Szentgyörgyi.

[Chronic venous disease. A state of art].

Chronic venous disease affecting one-third of the European population has a considerable socioeconomic impact. There is increasing evidence, that the structural remodelling of the vein wall is caused by two etiological factors: the disturbed flow patterns in cosequence of the high venous pressure and a progressive inflammatory cascade. In the microcirculation the trapping of the white cells and the leukocyte-endothelium interaction lead to skin changes and leg ulcer.