Review of COVID-19 testing and diagnostic methods.

More than six billion tests for COVID-19 has been already performed in the world. The testing for SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) virus and corresponding human antibodies is essential not only for diagnostics and treatment of the infection by medical institutions, but also as a pre-requisite for major semi-normal economic and social activities such as international flights, off line work and study in offices, access to malls, sport and social events. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, time to results and cost per test are essential parameters of those tests and even minimal improvement in any of them may have noticeable impact on life in the many countries of the world.

[Induction of monooxygenase system and incorporation of radioactivity from 2-14C-lysine into proteins of rat liver microsomes under the action of phenobarbital and the background of lysine, methionine, threonine and vitamin A, C and E deficiencies].

The effect of diet on induction of monooxygenases and distribution of radioactivity from 2-14-C-lysine in fractions of liver homogenate, muscle homogenate and blood of male rats treated with phenobarbital (80 mg/kg, three days) was studied. 2-14-C-lysine was injected intraperitoneally 24 h before the first injection of phenobarbital. It was demonstrated that monooxygenase induction, increase of relative liver weight and incorporation of radioactivity from 2-14-C-lysine into fractions of liver homogenate in phenobarbital-treated rats fed diet deficient in lysine, methionine, threonine and vitamins A, C and E were more pronounced as compared with the similarly treated rats which were fed a balanced diet.

[The induction of the monooxygenase system and the incorporation of the radioactive label from 2-14C-lysine into the liver microsome fraction of rats exposed to phenobarbital against a background of deficiencies in lysine, methionine, threonine and vitamins A, C and E].

The effect of diet on induction of monooxygenases and distribution of label from 2-14C-lysine in fractions of liver homogenate, muscle homogenate and blood of male rats treated with phenobarbital (80 mg/kg, three days) was studied. 2-14C-lysine was injected intraperitoneally 24 h before the first injection of phenobarbital. It was demonstrated that monoxygenase induction, increase of relative liver weight and incorporation of label from 2-14C-lysine into fractions of liver homogenate in phenobarbital-treated rats were more pronounced as compared with the similarly treated rats that were fed a balanced diet.

[Liver microsome monooxygenase activity in rats under the effects of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides and different nutrition background].

The influence of acute and chronic intoxication with a mixture of lindane and trichlorometaphos-3 on monooxygenases of rat liver was studied in rats insufficiently provided with lysine and vitamins A, C and E. It has been found that in the presence of poly-nutrient insufficiency monooxygenase induction develops more rapidly and to a greater extent than in the presence of balanced nutrition. Chronic intoxication with the pesticide mixture leads to monooxygenase system induction under both regimens of nutrition.