Publications by authors named "T Jost"
Article Synopsis
- ! Antibiotics are given to 20%-30% of pregnant women, yet their impact on newborn immune development is not well understood, leading to increased susceptibility to sepsis in offspring of treated mothers.
- ! Newborn mice from antibiotic-treated mothers showed lower levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in breast milk and feces, leading to a weakened gut immune response and increased risks of gut bacteria entering the bloodstream.
- ! Restoring IgA production through treatments or using breast milk from untreated mothers improved immune profiles and offered protection against sepsis in pups, emphasizing the importance of breastfeeding in mitigating antibiotic effects.
Intratumor heterogeneity reduces treatment efficacy and complicates our understanding of tumor progression and there is a pressing need to understand the functions of heterogeneous tumor cell subpopulations within a tumor, yet systems to study these processes in vitro are limited. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revealed that some cancer cell lines include distinct subpopulations. Here, we present clusterCleaver, a computational package that uses metrics of statistical distance to identify candidate surface markers maximally unique to transcriptomic subpopulations in scRNA-seq which may be used for FACS isolation.
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- The study explores the challenge of treating head and neck tumors due to their low radiosensitivity and investigates whether small molecule kinase inhibitors (smKIs) can enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy by altering immune-related factors in tumor cells.
- The researchers combined ATM and ATR inhibitors with a specific radiotherapy regimen and examined various effects, including tumor cell death, immune checkpoint marker expression, and cytokine release using cell lines with different HPV statuses.
- Results showed that while the combination therapy effectively induced cell death, particularly with ATR inhibitors, it also altered the immune profile of surviving cancer cells, suggesting a complex interaction between treatment types and immune responses.
Background: The Autotaxin (ATX)-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) axis is involved in decreasing radiation sensitivity of breast tumor cells. This study aims to further elucidate the effect of irradiation on the ATX-LPA axis and cytokine secretion in different breast cancer cell lines to identify suitable breast cancer subtypes for targeted therapies.
Methods: Different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 (luminal A), BT-474 (luminal B), SKBR-3 (HER2-positive), MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 (triple-negative)) and the breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A were irradiated.
Motivation: Cells exhibit a wide array of morphological features, enabling computer vision methods to identify and track relevant parameters. Morphological analysis has long been implemented to identify specific cell types and cell responses. Here we asked whether morphological features might also be used to classify transcriptomic subpopulations within cancer cell lines.
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