Dried Blood Spots to Assess Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health.

Dried blood spot sampling offers a scalable strategy to close diagnostic gaps and improve global surveillance for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome. However, assay performance and the extent of validity vary widely between biomarkers used in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health assessment under different settings and have not been well described. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic search of the literature and a narrative synthesis through April 2024 and included reports with laboratory or field validation measuring biomarkers that can be used in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health assessment.

Pulsar Nulling and Vacuum Radio Emission from Axion Clouds.

Nonrelativistic axions can be efficiently produced in the polar caps of pulsars, resulting in the formation of a dense cloud of gravitationally bound axions. Here, we investigate the interplay between such an axion cloud and the electrodynamics in the pulsar magnetosphere, focusing specifically on the dynamics in the polar caps, where the impact of the axion cloud is expected to be most pronounced. For sufficiently light axions m_{a}≲10^{-7}  eV, we show that the axion cloud can occasionally screen the local electric field responsible for particle acceleration and pair production, inducing a periodic nulling of the pulsar's intrinsic radio emission.

Sharp solutions to cleave plant fibers.

Plant cells sequester atmospheric carbon in thick walls containing heterogenous networks of cellulose and hemicelluloses (e.g. xylan and mannan), surrounded by additional polymers.

Role of apolipoprotein B in the clinical management of cardiovascular risk in adults: An Expert Clinical Consensus from the National Lipid Association.

This National Lipid Association (NLA) Expert Clinical Consensus provides an overview of the physiologic and clinical considerations regarding the role of apolipoprotein B (apoB) measurement to guide clinical care based on the available scientific evidence and expert opinion. ApoB represents the total concentration of atherogenic lipoprotein particles in the circulation and more accurately reflects the atherogenic burden of lipoproteins when compared to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). ApoB is a validated clinical measurement that augments the information found in a standard lipoprotein lipid panel; therefore, there is clinical value in using apoB in conjunction with a standard lipoprotein lipid profile when assessing risk and managing lipid-lowering therapy (LLT).