Co-delivery of minoxidil and finasteride via ionic liquid and cyclodextrin-assisted in situ thermosensitive hydrogel for synergistic treatment of androgenic alopecia.

Androgenic alopecia (AGA), the most prevalent type of progressive hair loss, currently lacks an effective topical treatment regimen. In this study, we synthesized an ionic liquid (IL) to co-solubilize minoxidil (MXD) and finasteride (FIN) and subsequently formulated them into an in situ thermosensitive ionic liquid/cyclodextrin/poloxamer hydrogel (ICPG), termed M + F@ICPG. M + F@ICPG was developed for the transdermal co-delivery of these two drugs, aiming to provide a multipath therapeutic approach for AGA while avoiding the adverse effects commonly associated with oral FIN and topical MXD tincture.

NLRC3 Attenuates Antiviral Innate Immune Response by Targeting IRF7 in Grass Carp ().

belongs to the NOD-like receptor family and is recognized as a modulator of innate immune mechanisms. In this study, we firstly report that () acts as a negative regulator in the antiviral immune response. is ubiquitously expressed across tested tissues, displaying particularly high expression in the intestine, spleen, gill and kidney.

Association between colorectal cancer and arthritis among Americans in 2005-2016.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent cancers globally. Some studies have found that arthritis could reduce the risk of CRC through inflammatory immune mediation. However, there have been no reports on whether arthritis is related to CRC.

In situ arsenic immobilization by natural iron (oxyhydr)oxide precipitates in As-contaminated groundwater irrigation canals.

Arsenic-contaminated groundwater is widely used in agriculture. To meet the increasing demand for safe water in agriculture, an efficient and cost-effective method for As removal from groundwater is urgently needed. We hypothesized that Fe (oxyhydr)oxide (FeOOH) minerals precipitated in situ from indigenous Fe in groundwater may immobilize As, providing a solution for safely using As-contaminated groundwater in irrigation.

Rings of death: How NINJ1 executes plasma membrane rupture.

Plasma membrane rupture during lytic cell death was previously believed to occur through passive osmosis that burst open the membrane. Recent publications, including one in this issue of Cell, suggest that plasma membrane rupture is an active process mediated by ninjurin-1 (NINJ1) oligomers that dissolve membranes and/or assemble large pores.