Putative temporal variability of Escherichia coli ribotypes from yearling steers.

Escherichia coli is a ubiquitous component of the intestinal microflora of warm-blooded animals, and is an indicator of fecal contamination of surface waters. Ribotype profiling of E. coli is one of several genotypic methods that has been developed to determine the host origin of fecal bacteria.

The sustentaculum tali: anatomic, radiographic, and surgical considerations.

Three purposes of this study were to: 1) describe the sustentaculum tali in relation to surrounding structures, 2) identify its radiographic projection onto the lateral calca neus, and 3) determine optimal angles for screw placement. Twelve cadaver specimens were used. The length a width of the sustentaculum was measured.

The quantitative anatomy of the superior gluteal artery and its location.

Twenty cadaveric posterior gluteal regions were dissected to quantitatively determine the location and dimensions of the superior gluteal artery and its branches on the posterior gluteal region. Two reference lines were defined: one (transverse) was drawn from the posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS) across the ilium to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), and another (vertical) was drawn orthogonal to the transverse line at a point 8 cm from the PIIS. Results showed that the average distances from the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) and PIIS to the superior gluteal artery origin at the sciatic notch were 60 mm and 42 mm, respectively.

Entry sites for antegrade femoral nailing.

Dissections on 42 anatomic specimen hips were performed to study proximal femoral anatomy as it pertains to entry sites for intramedullary nailing. The precise relationships of muscle insertions on the greater trochanter were documented, as were the boundaries of the digital fossa. Measurements of trochanteric bony anatomy were made on a separate group of 30 dry bone unpaired proximal femora.