The Effect of Bladder Filling Rate on the Voiding Behavior of Patients with Overactive Bladder.

Purpose: Many self-help guides advise patients that spreading fluid intake throughout the day can reduce overactive bladder symptoms. However, although animal studies suggest a link between a faster filling rate and increased afferent nerve firing, to our knowledge the relationship between the filling rate and bladder sensation has not been examined in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bladder volume and the bladder filling rate on the bladder sensation and voiding patterns of patients with overactive bladder.

APRIL is a novel clinical chemo-resistance biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma identified by gene expression profiling.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil(5FU) and oral analogues, such as capecitabine, remain one of the most useful agents for the treatment of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Low toxicity and convenience of administration facilitate use, however clinical resistance is a major limitation. Investigation has failed to fully explain the molecular mechanisms of resistance and no clinically useful predictive biomarkers for 5FU resistance have been identified.

Endoscopic trans-anal resection of rectal tumours: critical appraisal of an interdisciplinary approach.

Objective: Endoscopic trans-anal resection (ETAR) is an accepted technique for treating benign rectal adenomas that relies on technical expertise with the urological resectoscope. We present our experience with ETAR in an interdisciplinary setting combining the decision-making of the colorectal surgeon with the technical skill of the urologist.

Method: Assessment of all patients with adenomas and their subsequent care was organized by the colorectal team.

Non-restorative surgery for rectal cancer: indications in 2003.

Background: Although the majority of patients with low rectal tumours can now be offered restorative surgery, a subset of patients with very distal, locally extensive tumours, or excessive comorbidity, continue to require abdominoperineal resection or a Hartmann's procedure. The Clinical Standards Board for Scotland (CSBS) recommends that the permanent stoma rate for patients with rectal cancer should be no more than 40%. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of patients not suitable for restorative surgery and to explore the remaining indications for non-restorative surgery.

Nicorandil associated anal ulceration.

Objective: Nicorandil is a vasodilator used to control angina. It has been associated with oral and anal ulceration that resolves upon withdrawal of the drug.

Patients And Methods: We report a series of 13 patients with nonspecific anal ulceration all of whom were receiving nicorandil for control of symptoms of ischaemic heart disease.