Independent Risk Factors and Economic Burden Associated With Delayed Extubation Following Pediatric Liver Transplantation.

Background: Successful early extubation (EE) after liver transplant (LT) has been shown to reduce intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay and infectious, vascular, and sedation-related complications in adults. EE may not always be feasible in children, and many may require prolonged mechanical ventilation. Limited data exists regarding the candidacy of EE, risk factors, consequences, and hospital costs of delayed extubation (DE) in pediatric LT.

Feasibility of Achieving Nutritional Adequacy in Critically Ill Children with Critical Neurological Illnesses (CNIs)?-A Quaternary Hospital Experience.

The literature on the nutritional needs and outcomes of critically ill children is scarce, especially on those with critical neurological illnesses (CNIs). Current evidence shows a lower mortality in patients who achieve two-thirds of their nutritional needs during the first week of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. We hypothesized that achieving 60% of the recommended dietary intake during the first week of a PICU stay is not feasible in patients with CNI.

An In-Depth Look at Nutrition Support and Adequacy for Critically Ill Children with Organ Dysfunction.

Patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) need individualized nutrition support that is tailored to their particular disease severity, nutritional status, and therapeutic interventions. We aim to evaluate how calories and proteins are provided during the first seven days of hospitalization for children in critical condition with organ dysfunction (OD). A single-center retrospective cohort study of children aged 2-18 years, mechanically ventilated > 48 h, and admitted > 7 days to a PICU from 2016 to 2017 was carried out.

A Systematic Review of Immunization Administration Training for African Pharmacists and Student Pharmacists.

Objectives: Recent calls to action have encouraged African pharmacists to become trained to administer immunizations with the goals of developing a strong pharmacy vaccination workforce, addressing a shortage of vaccinators, and improving vaccination access. However limited availability of training programs for pharmacists and student pharmacists to learn to administer immunizations may restrict the ability of African pharmacists and student pharmacists to meet these goals. This work sought to systematically identify literature published regarding immunization administration training for pharmacists and student pharmacists in Africa.

Postoperative outcomes of acute-on-chronic liver failure in infants and children with biliary atresia.

Introduction: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in patients with biliary atresia (BA). Data on impact of ACLF on postoperative outcomes, however, are sparse.

Method: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with BA aged <18 years who underwent LT between 2011 and 2021 at our institution.