Wasserstein Wormhole: Scalable Optimal Transport Distance with Transformers.

Optimal transport (OT) and the related Wasserstein metric are powerful and ubiquitous tools for comparing distributions. However, computing pairwise Wasserstein distances rapidly becomes intractable as cohort size grows. An attractive alternative would be to find an embedding space in which pairwise Euclidean distances map to OT distances, akin to standard multidimensional scaling (MDS).

Accurate single-molecule spot detection for image-based spatial transcriptomics with weakly supervised deep learning.

Image-based spatial transcriptomics methods enable transcriptome-scale gene expression measurements with spatial information but require complex, manually tuned analysis pipelines. We present Polaris, an analysis pipeline for image-based spatial transcriptomics that combines deep-learning models for cell segmentation and spot detection with a probabilistic gene decoder to quantify single-cell gene expression accurately. Polaris offers a unifying, turnkey solution for analyzing spatial transcriptomics data from multiplexed error-robust FISH (MERFISH), sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (seqFISH), or in situ RNA sequencing (ISS) experiments.

Ordered Mesoporous Ceria and Cerium Gadolinium Oxide Prepared by Vacuum-Assisted Nanocasting.

Four ceria-based mesoporous oxide materials were prepared using a new vacuum impregnation (VI) templating method developed by the authors, namely, vacuum-assisted nanocasting (VAN). Two hard templates (SBA-15 and KIT-6) were employed, and products with compositions CeO and CeGdO (CGO) were made with each. The desired fluorite phase and composition were confirmed by powder XRD and EDS.

Propensity weighted analysis of chemical venous thromboembolism prophylaxis agents in isolated severe traumatic brain injury: An EAST sponsored multicenter study.

Background: In patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), clinicians must balance preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) with the risk of intracranial hemorrhagic expansion (ICHE). We hypothesized that low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) would not increase risk of ICHE or VTE as compared to unfractionated heparin (UH) in patients with severe TBI.

Methods: Patients ≥ 18 years of age with isolated severe TBI (AIS ≥ 3), admitted to 24 level I and II trauma centers between January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020 and who received subcutaneous UH and LMWH injections for chemical venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (VTEP) were included.