Assessing diagnostic accuracy: F-FDG PET-CT scans in low-grade infection detection among post-traumatic long bone non-unions; a literature review and clinical data.

Introduction: The diagnosis of low-grade infection in post-traumatic long bone non-unions poses challenges due to the absence of clinical signs. This study aimed to review the available literature on the diagnostic accuracy of imaging techniques for low-grade infections and assess the diagnostic accuracy of F-FDG PET-CT scans for low-grade infection in post-traumatic long bone non-unions.

Methods: A mini-review was conducted using Pubmed in March 2024.

The Treatment of Very Large Traumatic Bone Defects of the Tibia With a Polycaprolactone-Tricalcium Phosphate 3D-Printed Cage: A Review of Three Cases.

The need for an artificial scaffold in very large bone defects is clear, not only to limit the risk of graft harvesting but also to improve clinical success. The use of custom osteoconductive scaffolds made from biodegradable polyester and ceramics can be a valuable patient-friendly option, especially in case of a concomitant infection. Multiple types of scaffolds for the Masquelet procedure (MP) are available.

Fracture haematoma proteomics.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the fracture haematoma (fxH) proteome after multiple trauma using label-free proteomics, comparing two different fracture treatment strategies.

Methods: A porcine multiple trauma model was used in which two fracture treatment strategies were compared: early total care (ETC) and damage control orthopaedics (DCO). fxH was harvested and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Polytherapy versus monotherapy in the treatment of tibial non-unions: a retrospective study.

Background: Treating tibial non-unions efficiently presents a challenge for orthopaedic trauma surgeons. The established gold standard involves implanting autologous bone graft with adequate fixation, but the addition of biologicals according to the so-called diamond concept has become increasingly popular in the treatment of non-unions. Previous studies have indicated that polytherapy, which involves implanting mesenchymal stem cells, bioactive factors and osteoconductive scaffolds, can improve bone healing.

Is there a role for N1-N2 neutrophil phenotypes in bone regeneration? A systematic review.

Purpose: This review aims to provide an overview of the multiple functions of neutrophils, with the recognition of the inflammatory (N1) and regenerative (N2) phenotypes, in relation to fracture healing.

Methods: A literature search was performed using the PubMed database. The quality of the articles was evaluated using critical appraisal checklists.