Features of Allostatic Load in Patients with Essential Hypertension without Metabolic Syndrome Depending on the Nature of Nighttime Decreases in Blood Pressure.

Changes in the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are responsible for a stable shift in the regulation of the cardiovascular system in essential hypertension (EH). They can be characterized as hemodynamic allostasis. The purpose of our study was to determine the role of hemodynamic parameters in allostatic load in patients with EH without metabolic syndrome.

Parameters of Hemodynamic Allostasis in Patients of Various Age Groups with Essential Arterial Hypertension.

We determined the criteria for the diagnosis of hemodynamic allostasis and compared it with the index of allostatic load in patients of different age group with essential arterial hypertension without metabolic syndrome. The study included 87 subjects divided into 3 groups: patients with essential arterial hypertension at the age ⩽60 years (n=31; group 1), patients with essential arterial hypertension above 60 years (n=41; group 2), and healthy volunteers (n=15; age 25-69 years, group 3). The data of 24-h BP monitoring were processed by methods of linear and nonlinear rhythm analysis.

Distribution of Polymorphisms of the Renin-Angiotensin System Genes (ACE, AGT, and AGTR1), ITGB3, and FTO in Pregnant Patients with Hypertensive Disorders.

The study included pregnant women aged 23-41 years with preeclampsia and gestation-associated arterial hypertension at weeks 27-40 and patients with essential arterial hypertension developing under conditions of the metabolic syndrome and without it. Frequency analysis of polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system genes (ACE, AGT, and AGTR1), ITGB3, FTO and their associations confirmed the syndrome nature of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The presence allele T of AGT gene and/or allele C of AGTR1 gene in the genotype of patients with preeclampsia was associated with higher BP and pressure load over 24 h.

Hemodynamic Allostasis of Pregnant Women against the Background of Preeclampsia.

We analyzed diurnal hemodynamic parameters (HR, systolic BP, and diastolic BP) recorded from two groups of edematous and preeclamptic pregnant women. The unidirectional character of changes in the control over the functional state of cardiovascular system was revealed except for the indices, which mark a pathological process: elevated diurnal BP in preeclampsia and diminished percentage of oscillation power in edematous patients. Uniformity of the regulatory changes in patients with and without arterial hypertension can be viewed as manifestation of allostasis developed by the cardiovascular system during pregnancy.

Analysis of Polymorphism of Angiotensin System Genes (ACE, AGTR1, and AGT) and Gene ITGB3 in Patients with Arterial Hypertension in Combination with Metabolic Syndrome.

Changes in the frequencies of genotypes and mutant alleles of ACE, AGTR1, AGT, and ITGB3 genes were analyzed in patients with arterial hypertension coupled with metabolic syndrome (N=15) and compared with population data and corresponding parameters in patients with isolated hypertension (N=15). Increased frequency of genotype ID of ACE gene (hypertension predictor) was confirmed for both groups. In case of isolated hypertension, M235M genotype (gene AGT) was more frequent, in case of hypertension combined with metabolic syndrome, the frequency of genotypes A1166C and C1166C of the gene AGTR1 was higher in comparison with population data.