Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers.

Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years. Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period. Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago.

Tropomyosin receptor kinase B-mediated signaling in integration of neuropathic pain and obesity in diabetic polyneuropathy.

Objective: To assess the quantitative serum levels of tropomyosin receptor kinase receptor B, and to estimate its association with serum concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and obesity in patients with painful and painless forms of diabetic polyneuropathy.

Methods: We examined 70 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy with confirming peripheral nerve dysfunction by electroneuromyography and measuring of serum levels tropomyosin receptor kinase receptor B and brain-derived neurotrophic factor by enzyme immunoassay. Diabetic polyneuropathy was diagnosed using the modified Toronto Consensus (2011) criteria, while neuropathic pain was assessed using an 11-point Numerical Pain Rating Scale.

Migraine and sleep disorders: a systematic review.

Migraine and sleep disorders are common and often burdensome chronic conditions with a high prevalence in the general population, and with considerable socio-economic impact and costs.The existence of a relationship between migraine and sleep disorders has been recognized from centuries by clinicians and epidemiological studies. Nevertheless, the exact nature of this association, the underlying mechanisms and interactions are complex and not completely understood.

[Biomarkers of the development and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy].

Objective: To study the diagnostic potential of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) and their high affinity receptors (TrkB, VEGFR2) in the development and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy.

Material And Methods: The main group consisted of 65 patients with diabetes mellitus and confirmed DPN. The comparison group included 14 people with diabetes mellitus without DPN.