Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of Remimazolam and Midazolam During Anesthesia Induction in Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective and Exploratory Study.

Introduction: Patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery may experience hemodynamic instability during the induction of general anesthesia, and anesthetic agents with minimal hemodynamic effects should be administered. Midazolam, a classic benzodiazepine anesthetic, is known to have relatively weak circulatory depression during anesthesia induction compared to other sedatives. On the other hand, remimazolam, a newly approved short-acting benzodiazepine anesthetic, is expected to have fewer circulatory depressant effects.

Prognostic impact of postoperative management by an intensive care unit intensivist after colonic perforation.

Purpose: Postoperative management for colonic perforation is an important prognostic factor, but whether intensivists perform postoperative management varies between institutions.

Methods: We investigated 291 patients with colonic perforation between 2018 and 2022. Patients were divided into those managed by an intensivists (ICU group; n = 40) and those not managed by an intensivists (non-ICU group; n = 251).

A novel stimulating electrode attachment method designed to maintain electromyography-based neuromuscular monitoring detectability during laparoscopic surgery: a single-center randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study.

Purpose: We evaluated the electromyography (EMG)-based neuromuscular monitoring detectability of our novel stimulating electrode attachment method compared to the original Nihon-Kohden (Tokyo, Japan) attachment method.

Methods: This single-center randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study enrolled 32 patients aged ≥ 18 years, undergoing scheduled laparoscopic surgery. The EMG electrode NM-345Y™ was attached to one forearm using the Nihon-Kohden method (Pattern N-K) and the other forearm using our novel method (Pattern Cross).

Open Abdominal Management for Damage Control in Liver Transplantation: A Single-center Experience.

Background: Patients undergoing liver transplantation are in a state of coagulopathy before surgery because of liver failure. Intraoperative hemorrhage, massive transfusions, and post-reperfusion syndrome further contribute to coagulopathy, acidosis, and hypothermia. In such situations, temporary cessation of surgery with open abdominal management and resuscitation in the intensive care unit (ICU), which is commonly used as a damage control strategy in trauma care, may be effective.

Cardioprotective Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter Subtype Inhibition on Ischemic and Pharmacological Preconditioning.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors partially inhibit SGLT1 expression; however, whether a clinical dose of SGLT2 inhibitor abrogates ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is unknown, and the pharmacological cardioprotective effect under SGLT1 inhibition has not been examined. In this study, we investigated whether a clinical dose of tofogliflozin abrogates IPC and whether pharmacological preconditioning with olprinone has cardioprotective effects under SGLT1 inhibition.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (seven rats per group) and subjected to the following treatments before inducing ischemia/reperfusion (I/R; 30 minutes of coronary artery occlusion followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion): saline infusion control treatment (Con); ischemic preconditioning (IPC); IPC after phlorizin infusion (IPC+Phl); IPC after low-dose tofogliflozin infusion (IPC+L-Tof); IPC after high-dose tofogliflozin infusion (IPC+H-Tof); olprinone infusion (Olp); and Olp infusion after phlorizin infusion (Olp+Phl).