A Case of Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma With Recurrent Brain Metastasis due to Transformation to Small Cell Carcinoma During Adjuvant Atezolizumab Therapy.

Histologic transformation from non-small cell to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a resistance mechanism to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We report herein a case of lung adenocarcinoma who developed liver and brain metastases during adjuvant atezolizumab therapy. The patient underwent a craniotomy to resect a brain metastasis, which was pathologically diagnosed as SCLC.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Accuracy of Super-Flexible Three-Dimensional Heart Models of Congenital Heart Disease Made via Stereolithography Printing and Vacuum Casting: A Multicenter Clinical Trial.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced technology for accurately understanding anatomy and supporting the successful surgical management of complex congenital heart disease (CHD). We aimed to evaluate whether our super-flexible 3D heart models could facilitate preoperative decision-making and surgical simulation for complex CHD. The super-flexible heart models were fabricated by stereolithography 3D printing of the internal and external contours of the heart from cardiac computed tomography (CT) data, followed by vacuum casting with a polyurethane material similar in elasticity to a child's heart.

Rare Case of Fusobacterium necrophorum Bacteremia and Pleural Empyema Originating from a Burn Ulcer in a 16-Year-Old Female Patient.

BACKGROUND Most Fusobacterium necrophorum infections originate in the head and neck region. Infections originating from sites other than the head and neck are rare but are more common in older than in younger adults and have a higher mortality rate than that of infections originating from the head and neck region. CASE REPORT We present the case of a previously healthy 16-year-old female patient who developed bacteremia and pleural effusions with a burn ulcer on the lower leg but had no abnormality in the head and neck region.

[Allergy and immunotoxicology in preventive and clinical medicine from theory to practice: Environmental factors in Bronchial Asthma].

Background: According to the gene-environment interactions (GEi) concept, the mechanism of health impairment can be explained by genetic factors, environmental factors, or their interaction. Physical and mental health effects resulting from environmental exposure may be classified either as toxicity, immune response, and allergic reaction. Moreover, despite the already established therapeutic approaches to bronchial asthma and decreasing mortality due to bronchial asthma, patients with difficult and severe asthma are increasing in number.

Vigorously stirred LaO suspensions for Michael additions in water.

This work demonstrates the effectiveness of vigorously stirred lanthanum oxide (LaO) suspensions in catalyzing Michael additions in water. These surfactant-free suspensions offer a counterintuitive yet highly efficient approach compared to traditional methods. Notably, the reactions are ineffective in the absence of water, suggesting a crucial role for the aqueous environment.