Virus removal from semen with a pinched flow fractionation microfluidic chip.

Nowadays pigs are bred with artificial insemination to reduce costs and transportation. To prevent the spread of diseases, it is important to test semen samples for viruses. Screening techniques applied are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and/or polymerase chain reaction, which are labor-intensive and expensive methods.

Effect of microfluidic processing on the viability of boar and bull spermatozoa.

The use of microfluidics in artificial reproductive technologies for manipulation or assessment of spermatozoa is unique in the sense that it is not always an end point measurement and the sample may be used afterward. During microfluidic processing, spermatozoa are exposed to shear stress, which may harm viability and functioning of spermatozoa. The shear stresses during general microfluidic processing steps were calculated and compared to estimated shear stresses during ejaculation.

Aflibercept for Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Routine Clinical Practice in Germany: Twelve-Month Outcomes of PERSEUS.

Purpose: To explore real-world effectiveness of intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Germany.

Design: A 24-month, prospective, noninterventional, noncontrolled, multicenter observational cohort study.

Participants: Patients (n = 848) with nAMD treated with IAI.

Challenges and opportunities of power systems from smart homes to super-grids.

The world's power systems are facing a structural change including liberalization of markets and integration of renewable energy sources. This paper describes the challenges that lie ahead in this process and points out avenues for overcoming different problems at different scopes, ranging from individual homes to international super-grids. We apply energy system models at those different scopes and find a trade-off between technical and social complexity.

Randomized trial of brinzolamide/brimonidine versus brinzolamide plus brimonidine for open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Introduction: Fixed-combination intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medications simplify treatment regimens for patients requiring 2 ocular hypotensive agents to maintain sufficiently low IOP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fixed-combination brinzolamide 1%/brimonidine 0.2% (BBFC) versus concomitant administration of brinzolamide 1% plus brimonidine 0.