Phase I trial comparing bile acid and short-chain fatty acid alterations in stool collected from human subjects treated with omadacycline or vancomycin.

Unlabelled: Omadacycline, an aminomethylcycline tetracycline, has a low propensity to cause infection (CDI) in clinical trials. Omadacycline exhibited a reduced bactericidal effect compared with vancomycin on key microorganisms implicated in bile acid homeostasis and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key components of CDI pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to assess bile acid and SCFA changes in stool samples from healthy volunteers given omadacycline or vancomycin.

colonization is not mediated by bile salts and utilizes Stickland fermentation of proline in an model.

Treatment with antibiotics is a major risk factor for infection, likely due to depletion of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Two microbiota-mediated mechanisms thought to limit colonization include the conversion of conjugated primary bile salts into secondary bile salts toxic to growth and competition between the microbiota and for limiting nutrients. Using a continuous flow model that simulates the nutrient conditions of the distal colon, we investigated how treatment with 6 clinically used antibiotics influenced susceptibility to infection in 12 different microbial communities cultivated from healthy individuals.

Body Positions and Physical Activity Levels Modulate the Ratio of Abdominal to Thoracic Breathing and Respiratory Rate in Young Individuals.

: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted that body positions substantially affected the mortality rate. We hypothesized that body position modulates the contribution of abdominal (AB) and thoracic breathing (TB) to the breathing cycle (BC), as well as respiratory rate (RR). In addition, we hypothesized that physical activity level can increase the contribution of abdominal breathing.

Field-testing the explicit diagnostic criteria for transient ischemic attack: a diagnostic accuracy study.

Background And Aim: Explicit diagnostic criteria for transient ischemic attack (TIA) (EDCT) have been recently proposed based on the assumption, that a migraine aura-like symptom is not typical for a TIA. However, migraine-like symptoms have been unexpectedly frequent in patients with confirmed ischemic stroke. This cross-sectional study aimed to field-test the EDCT to distinguish transient neurological symptoms caused by cerebral infarction from those caused by migraine aura.