Light responses during early day phases of CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) homologous genes in the moss Physcomitrium patens.

Circadian clocks facilitate organisms' adaptation to the day-night environmental cycle. Some of the component genes of the clocks ("clock genes") respond directly to changes in ambient light, supposedly allowing the clocks to synchronize to and/or oscillate robustly in the environmental cycle. In the dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the clock genes CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1), LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 9 (PRR9) show transient expression in response to the morning light.

Vibrational kinetics in repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure nitrogen discharges: average-power-dependent switching behaviour.

Characterisation of the vibrational kinetics in nitrogen-based plasmas at atmospheric pressure is crucial for understanding the wider plasma chemistry, which is important for a variety of biomedical, agricultural and chemical processing applications. In this study, a 0-dimensional plasma chemical-kinetics model has been used to investigate vibrational kinetics in repetitively pulsed, atmospheric pressure plasmas operating in pure nitrogen, under application-relevant conditions (average plasma powers of 0.23-4.

Reproducibility of 'COST reference microplasma jets'.

Atmospheric pressure plasmas have been ground-breaking for plasma science and technologies, due to their significant application potential in many fields, including medicinal, biological, and environmental applications. This is predominantly due to their efficient production and delivery of chemically reactive species under ambient conditions. One of the challenges in progressing the field is comparing plasma sources and results across the community and the literature.

Multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis of the phytochrome gene family in Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens.

We mutated all seven Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens phytochrome genes using highly-efficient CRISPR-Cas9 procedures. We thereby identified phy5a as the phytochrome primarily responsible for inhibiting gravitropism, proving the utility of the mutant library. The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful tool for genome editing.

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of Physcomitrella patens Phytochromes.

Here we describe procedures for gene disruption and excision in Physcomitrella using CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated 9) methods, exemplarily targeting phytochrome (PHY) gene loci. Thereby double-strand breaks (DSBs) are induced using a single guide RNA (sgRNA) with the Cas9 nuclease, leading to insertions or deletions (indels) due to incorrect repair by the nonhomologous-end joining (NHEJ) mechanism. We also include protocols for excision of smaller genomic fragments or whole genes either with or without homologous recombination-assisted repair.