From Mechanisms to Management: Tackling In-Stent Restenosis in the Drug-Eluting Stent Era.

Purpose Of Review: Drug-eluting stent (DES) technology has greatly enhanced the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The aim of the present paper is to provide a comprehensive review of in-stent restenosis (ISR), focusing on the contemporary DES era, including its incidence, mechanisms, and imaging characterization.

Recent Findings: Despite the widespread use of DES and numerous improvements, recent clinical data indicate that ISR still occurs in 5-10% of PCI procedures, posing a considerable public health issue.

Impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus on mortality rate and outcome of hospitalized patients with myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. We aimed to investigate the influence of T1D on myocardial infarction (MI) patients' mortality.

Materials And Methods: The German nationwide inpatient sample 2005-2016 was used for statistical analysis.

Time trends of catheter-directed treatment in acute pulmonary embolism in Germany.

Background: Catheter-directed treatment (CDT) is an innovative treatment for patients with elevated risk pulmonary embolism (PE) to resolve embolus and restore pulmonary perfusion.

Objectives: We aimed to analyse the use and the benefit of CDT in PE patients in Germany.

Methods: The German nationwide inpatient sample was used to include all hospitalizations of patients with PE from 2005 to 2020 in Germany.

Focusing on microvascular function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Heart failure is a prevalent global health issue. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which already represents half of all heart cases worldwide, is projected to further increase, driven by aging populations and rising cardiovascular risk factors. Effective therapies for HFpEF remain limited, particularly due to its pathophysiological heterogeneity and incomplete understanding of underlying pathomechanisms and implications.