Cell-Type Specific Inhibition Controls the High-Frequency Oscillations in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex.

The medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) plays a critical role for spatial navigation and memory. While many studies have investigated the principal neurons within the entorhinal cortex, much less is known about the inhibitory circuitries within this structure. Here, we describe for the first time in the mEC a subset of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons (INs)-stuttering cells (STUT)-with morphological, intrinsic electrophysiological, and synaptic properties distinct from fast-spiking PV+ INs.

Outlines to Initiate Epilepsy Surgery in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Surgery is an essential treatment option for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. While most epilepsy patients worldwide live in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), most of these countries do not have epilepsy surgery, and those that do have surgical epilepsy services lack capacities. The rapidly growing population in LMIC further widens the gap between the number of patients who can potentially benefit from surgery and those who can actually receive it.

Initiating a new national epilepsy surgery program: Experiences gathered in Georgia.

Surgery is the most effective therapeutic approach for medically refractory epilepsies and a safe and cost-efficient treatment in terms of long-term expenses of direct, indirect, and intangible costs. Georgia is a Caucasian low- to middle-income country with a remarkable effort to deal with epileptic diseases, but without an appropriate epilepsy surgery program. To address the needs for such a service in this country, two joint German-Georgian projects were initiated in 2017 and 2019.

Cell-specific synaptic plasticity induced by network oscillations.

Gamma rhythms are known to contribute to the process of memory encoding. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms at the molecular, cellular and network levels. Using local field potential recording in awake behaving mice and concomitant field potential and whole-cell recordings in slice preparations we found that gamma rhythms lead to activity-dependent modification of hippocampal networks, including alterations in sharp wave-ripple complexes.