Barriers to and enablers of the early diagnosis of breast cancer among women from ethnic minority backgrounds in the UK: protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women of all ethnic groups in the UK. The largest single ethnic groups in the UK are white, Indian, Pakistani, black African and black Caribbean. Previous studies have shown that women from ethnic minority groups are more likely to be diagnosed with more advanced disease at presentation compared with women from white backgrounds which is associated with poorer outcomes.

A comparative analysis of risk factor associations with interval and screen-detected breast cancers: A large UK prospective study.

The associations of certain factors, such as age and menopausal hormone therapy, with breast cancer risk are known to differ for interval and screen-detected cancers. However, the extent to which associations of other established breast cancer risk factors differ by mode of detection is unclear. We investigated associations of a wide range of risk factors using data from a large UK cohort with linkage to the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme, cancer registration, and other health records.

Age and sex can predict cancer risk in people referred with breast symptoms.

argue that risk stratification by age and sex should be used to help manage demand on breast clinics efficiently to minimise delays in diagnosis