Publications by authors named "T Gaolathe"
Low prevalence of archived integrase strand transfer inhibitors resistance associated mutations in Botswana before the roll out of dolutegravir based first line antiretroviral therapy.
Dorcas Maruapula Doreen Ditshwanelo Marea N Pema Ontlametse T Bareng Wonderful T Choga Tendani Gaolathe
Front Microbiol
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The study assessed the prevalence of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) to integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) just before Botswana switched to dolutegravir (DTG) for first-line HIV treatment in 2016, analyzing over 5,000 HIV-1 sequences from various individuals.
- - Results indicated that the overall prevalence of significant INSTI DRMs was 1.11%, with higher rates found in those who had not received antiretroviral treatment (ART-naïve individuals) compared to those who had (ART-experienced individuals).
- - Notable mutations associated with INSTI resistance included E138K and G140R, but high-level resistance to newer drugs like dolutegravir
Article Synopsis
- * Of the 8,551 participants followed for 29 months, 147 individuals (1.7%) contracted HIV, with different risk factors identified for males and females based on their relationships and community HIV prevalence.
- * The findings suggest that machine learning can effectively pinpoint key predictors of HIV risk, which could enhance the targeting of HIV prevention strategies in Botswana.
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) co-infections more often result in severe hepatitis compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections alone. Despite a high HDV prevalence (7.1%), information regarding circulating HDV clades is very limited in Botswana.
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- Cervical cancer continues to be a significant public health challenge in Botswana, particularly among indigenous and marginalized groups, despite the introduction of a quadrivalent HPV vaccine and screening initiatives.
- A study involving 171 non-HPV vaccinated women aged 21 and older assessed the prevalence of high-risk HPV genotypes and cervical lesions through interviews, Pap smears, and HPV testing.
- The results revealed that 31% of participants were HIV positive, and 13.5% exhibited cervical dysplasia, with various atypical cell types identified, although no cases of high-grade lesions or cervical cancer were found.
Purpose: The growing cancer burden in Botswana has been linked to aging, lifestyle factors, and high HIV infection prevalence. The government has designated four geographically distributed hospitals as public oncology centers (POCs). A needs assessment was undertaken to ascertain the characteristics of cancer care at these centers.
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